Iiphaneli zelangaziye zaba sisiseko sezicombululo zamandla ahlaziyekayo, ukusebenzisa amandla elanga ukuvelisa umbane ezindlini, kumashishini, nakwimizi-mveliso emikhulu yombane. Ukuqonda amacandelo aphambili kunye nemisebenzi yeepaneli zelanga kubalulekile kuye nabani na onomdla wokwamkela le teknoloji ezinzileyo.
Kwintliziyo yepaneli yelanga kukho iseli ye-photovoltaic (PV), ejongene nokuguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kumbane. Ezi seli ziqhele ukwenziwa ngesilicon, imathiriyeli yesemiconductor enobuchule obukhethekileyo bokufunxa iifotoni ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Xa ukukhanya kwelanga kubetha i-PV cell, ivuselela ii-electron, yenze umsinga wombane. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-photovoltaic effect, kwaye ingumgaqo osisiseko wendlela iipaneli zelanga ezisebenza ngayo.
Iiphaneli zelanga zineenxalenye ezininzi ezibalulekileyo, nganye kuzo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwazo zonke. Icandelo lokuqala lisigqubuthelo seglasi, esikhusela iiseli ze-photovoltaic kwizinto ezisingqongileyo ezifana nemvula, isichotho kunye nothuli ngelixa uvumela ukukhanya kwelanga kudlule. Igilasi ikholisa ukufudumeza ukuqina kwaye yenzelwe ukumelana nemozulu embi.
Ngaphantsi kwesigqubuthelo seglasi kukho iiseli zelanga ngokwazo. Ezi seli zicwangciswe kwipatheni yegridi kwaye zivame ukufakwa kwi-ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) yokukhusela okongeziweyo kunye nokugquma. Ulungelelwaniso lwezi seli lumisela ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuphuma kwamandla kwephaneli. Uninzi lweepaneli zelanga zasekhaya zenziwe ngeeseli ezingama-60 ukuya kwezingama-72, ezineepaneli ezisebenza kakuhle eziqulethe iiseli ezingakumbi.
Elinye icandelo eliphambili yi-backsheet, engumaleko obonelela nge-insulation kunye nokukhusela ngasemva kwepaneli yelanga. Ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe ngezinto ezihlala zikwazi ukumelana nemitha ye-UV kunye nokufuma, ukuqinisekisa ixesha elide lepaneli. I-backsheet nayo idlala indima ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwepaneli ngokunciphisa ilahleko yamandla.
Isakhelo sepaneli yelanga ngokuqhelekileyo yenziwe nge-aluminium, inika inkxaso yesakhiwo kunye nokukhusela umonakalo womzimba. Isakhelo sikwaququzelela ukufakwa kweepaneli zelanga phezu kophahla okanye emhlabeni, ukuqinisekisa ukuba zibekwe ngokuqinileyo ukuze zibambe ukukhanya kwelanga okukhulu.
Ukuguqula i-current ngqo (DC) eyenziwa ngamaseli elanga kwi-alternating current (AC) esetyenziswa ngamakhaya amaninzi, iipaneli zelanga zihlala zidibaniswa ne-inverter. I-inverter yinto ephambili eyenza umbane owenziwe ngamapaneli elanga ahambelane nezixhobo zasekhaya kunye negridi yamandla. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-inverters, ezibandakanya ii-inverters zentambo, ii-microinverters, kunye nezilungisi zamandla, nganye ineengenelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Okokugqibela, inkqubo yokubeka iliso yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokulandelela ukusebenza kweepaneli zelanga. Inkqubo ivumela umsebenzisi ukuba abeke iliso kwimveliso yamandla, achonge naziphi na iingxaki, kwaye akhulise ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yelanga. Ufakelo oluninzi lwangoku lwelanga lunamandla okubeka iliso okubonelela ngedatha yexesha lokwenyani ngeeapps eziphathwayo okanye ujongano lwewebhu.
Isishwankathelo,iiphaneli zelangazenziwe ngezinto ezininzi eziphambili, kubandakanya iiseli ze-photovoltaic, ikhava yeglasi, i-backsheet, isakhelo, i-inverter, kunye nenkqubo yokubeka iliso. Nganye kwezi zinto zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kumsebenzi jikelele kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwepaneli yelanga. Njengoko ihlabathi liqhubeka liguqukela kumandla avuselelekayo, ukuqonda la macandelo kuya kwenza abantu kunye namashishini benze izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokwamkela iteknoloji yelanga, ekugqibeleni ibe negalelo kwikamva elizinzileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-20-2024