Iiphaneli zelangaziye zaba sisiseko sezisombululo zamandla avuselelekayo, zisebenzisa amandla elanga ukuvelisa umbane emakhaya, kumashishini, nakwizikhululo zamandla ezinkulu. Ukuqonda izinto eziphambili kunye nemisebenzi yeephaneli zelanga kubalulekile kuye nabani na onomdla wokusebenzisa obu buchwepheshe buzinzileyo.
Embindini wephaneli yelanga kukho iseli ye-photovoltaic (PV), enoxanduva lokuguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngumbane. Ezi seli zihlala zenziwe nge-silicon, into ye-semiconductor enekhono elikhethekileyo lokufunxa ii-photons elangeni. Xa ukukhanya kwelanga kubetha iseli ye-PV, kuyavuselela ii-electron, kwenze umsinga wombane. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-photovoltaic effect, kwaye ngumgaqo osisiseko wendlela iiphaneli zelanga ezisebenza ngayo.
Iiphaneli zelanga ziqulathe izinto ezibalulekileyo, nganye kuzo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwayo iyonke. Icandelo lokuqala sisigqubuthelo seglasi, esikhusela iiseli ze-photovoltaic kwizinto ezingqongileyo ezifana nemvula, isichotho, nothuli ngelixa sivumela ukukhanya kwelanga kudlule. Iglasi idla ngokuba shushu ukuze ihlale ixesha elide kwaye yenzelwe ukumelana neemeko zemozulu ezinzima.
Ngaphantsi kwesigqubuthelo seglasi kukho iiseli zelanga ngokwazo. Ezi seli zicwangciswe ngendlela yegridi kwaye zihlala zigqunywe kumaleko we-ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) ukuze kukhuselwe ngakumbi kwaye kugqunywe. Indlela ezi seli ezicwangciswe ngayo imisela ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokukhupha amandla kwephaneli. Uninzi lweephaneli zelanga zasekhaya zenziwe ziiseli ezingama-60 ukuya kuma-72, kunye neephaneli ezisebenzayo ngakumbi eziqulathe iiseli ezininzi.
Elinye icandelo eliphambili yi-backsheet, engumaleko obonelela ngobushushu kunye nokhuseleko ngasemva kwephaneli yelanga. Ihlala yenziwe ngezinto ezihlala ixesha elide ezinokumelana nemisebe ye-UV kunye nokufuma, okuqinisekisa ukuba iphaneli ihlala ixesha elide. I-backsheet ikwadlala indima ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwephaneli ngokunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla.
Isakhelo sephaneli yelanga sidla ngokwenziwa nge-aluminium, sibonelela ngenkxaso yesakhiwo kwaye sithintele umonakalo womzimba. Isakhelo sikwanceda ukufakwa kweephaneli zelanga eluphahleni okanye emhlabeni, siqinisekisa ukuba zibekwe kakuhle ukuze zibambe ukukhanya kwelanga okuphezulu.
Ukuguqula umbane othe ngqo (DC) oveliswa ziiseli zelanga ube ngumbane otshintshanayo (AC) osetyenziswa ziindlu ezininzi, iiphaneli zelanga zihlala zidityaniswa ne-inverter. I-inverter yinxalenye ebalulekileyo eyenza umbane oveliswa ziiphaneli zelanga uhambelane nezixhobo zasekhaya kunye negridi yamandla. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-inverters, kubandakanya ii-string inverters, ii-microinverters, kunye ne-power optimizers, nganye inezibonelelo zayo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Okokugqibela, inkqubo yokubeka esweni yinto ebalulekileyo ekulandeleleni ukusebenza kwephaneli yelanga. Le nkqubo ivumela umsebenzisi ukuba abeke esweni imveliso yamandla, achonge naziphi na iingxaki, kwaye aphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yelanga. Ufakelo oluninzi lwelanga lwanamhlanje lunezakhono zokubeka esweni ezikrelekrele ezibonelela ngedatha yexesha langempela ngee-apps zeselula okanye ii-web interfaces.
Isishwankathelo,iiphaneli zelangaZenziwe ngamacandelo aliqela abalulekileyo, kuquka iiseli ze-photovoltaic, ikhava yeglasi, iphepha langasemva, isakhelo, i-inverter, kunye nenkqubo yokubeka esweni. Ngayinye kwezi zinto idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni nasekusebenzeni kakuhle kwephaneli yelanga. Njengoko ihlabathi liqhubeka lisebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo, ukuqonda la macandelo kuya kwenza abantu kunye namashishini bakwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokwamkela iteknoloji yelanga, ekugqibeleni kube negalelo kwikamva elizinzileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Disemba-20-2024